ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS AND ONE HEALTH: LABORATORY-BASED EVIDENCE FROM TURKIYE

Abstract

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are of great concern, which interfere with hormonal systems, posing risks to human, animal, and environmental health. This study synthesizes findings from multidisciplinary investigations focused on the detection, distribution, and biological effects of EDCs across various matrices. Using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques, EDCs such as PCBs, OCPs, PAHs, PBDEs, and phthalates were quantified in dairy products, eggs, propolis, water bodies, and animal tissues. High levels of lipophilic EDCs were found in first-lactation bovine milk, fruit-added yogurt, organic eggs, and propolis, with contamination patterns influenced by fat content and production type. In vitro assays revealed cytotoxic and endocrine-disrupting effects of phthalates and BPA in cell lines from humans, cattle, dogs, and crayfish. Wildlife biomonitoring confirmed bioaccumulation of POPs in sea turtles and bats, while placental analyses demonstrated species-specific contaminant profiles and transcriptomic alterations affecting fetal development. These findings highlight the persistence and prevalence of EDCs and underscore the need for integrated monitoring and mitigation strategies. Adopting a One Health approach is essential to safeguard ecosystem integrity and public health from EDC-related risks.